This study examines the effect of adding various amount of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) from 1 wt. % to 5 wt. % as function to produce porosity of the microstructure on Zirconia-Toughened Alumina (ZTA). Porosity is required in this study which aims to increase the efficiency of carbon infiltration on the porous composite through chemical vapor infiltrat

Currently, the beekeeping method in IIUM is based on manual monitoring by human inspection to see the condition of the stingless bees. However, frequent manual monitoring by opening the lid can stress the colonies causing colony collapsed disorder (CCD). Therefore, this project offers a smart apiary system prototype to add value in preserving the s

The preference for a ceramic matrix composite, in many applications, is due to its allowance for alterations, with regards to the filler or reinforcement used. Among the well-known ceramic matrix composites, is the carbon nanotube reinforced ceramic matrix composite. This ceramic composite, which possesses excellent properties, is used exclusively

Introduction: Osteoarthritis (OA) was attributed to mobility issues which implicate an increased workload of the heart. This imposed greater stress on the ventricular wall, resulting in a maladaptive reaction known as left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). Previous studies suggested that OA patients are susceptible to developing cardiovascular disease

Sea cucumbers, in Malaysia also known as gamat, have been used for food and folk medicine in Asia and the Middle East communities. Sea cucumbers have impressive amount of valuable nutrients. One of the most popular uses of the sea cucumber is for wound healing especially Stichopus horrens. Previous studies showed that S. horrens have a great conten

This study aimed to determine the effect of synbiotic Musa acuminata skin extract (MASE) and Streptococcus salivarius K12 (K12) on Candida species biofilm formation. Liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight (LC-Q-TOF-MS) was conducted to characterize MASE. To determine the effect of synbiotic on Candida biofilm, 200 mL of RPMI-1640 containin

Antimicrobial drug resistance (AMR) is a severe global threat to public health. The increasing emergence of drug-resistant bacteria requires the discovery of novel antibacterial agents. Quinoline derivatives have previously been reported to exhibit antimalarial, antiviral, antitumor, antiulcer, antioxidant and, most interestingly, antibacterial pro

In this day and age, researchers and engineers are actively exploring research in the supersonic Mach number flow field, primarily related to the base pressure of aerospace vehicles and nozzle variants. The boundary layer theory explained the flow separation caused by fluid motion. The turbulent boundary layer at the base will generate supersonic e

CFD is used to simulate the geometry of a Converging-Diverging (C-D) nozzle that has suddenly expanded into an enlarged duct with a cavity. The Mach number for this study is 1.8, and the area ratio is 2.56. The L/D considered 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, and 10, and the simulated nozzle pressure ratio (NPR) was between 2, 3, 5, 5.75, 7, and 9. 2-D model was c

In this study, experiments were conducted to control the base pressure and wall pressure in the wake at considerably high Mach numbers for a duct diameter of 25 mm. Tests were done at Mach 1.87 and 2.2. The Nozzle Pressure Ratios considered are 3 to 11 at different expansion levels. These experiments were conducted to evaluate the flow mechanism’