Salah salu wahana dan cara bagaimana perlembagaan berkembang ialah melalui penulisan. Aktiviti yang merangkum penulisan dan penyelidikan ini penting kerana ia menyediakan analisis kepada perkembangan yang berlaku secara formal melalui pindaan perlembagaan atau pembuatan undang-undang dan juga keputusan kes-kes oleh mahkamah. Penulisan juga menyedia

The production of crude palm oil and palm kernel is a complex problem due to the influence of processing variables and environmental factors. These processing variables influence the amount of crude palm oil and palm kernel losses during processing. Instead of mathematical model, fuzzy logic approach provides a simpler and easier mechanism to descr

Nanosized TiO2 powder was synthesized via sol-gel method using titanium tetraisopoxide (TPT) as the precursor. Mol ratios of water to TPT were varied from 1 (Powder A), 2 (Powder B), 3 (Powder C), and 4 (Powder D) to evaluate effect of hydrolysis degree. TG/DTA curves showed that amorphous phase turned to anatase crystal structure at ca. 415, 337,

This study was conducted to examine the differences between low and high achieving students in their psychological problems i.e. depression, anxiety, and stress. 120 undergraduate students of the International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM) were involved in this study. The Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS) was used to measure the level of

In snake robot research, one of the most efficient forms of locomotion is the lateral undulation. However, lateral undulation, also known as serpentine locomotion, is ill-suited for narrow spaces, as the body of the snake must assume a certain amount of curvature to propel forward. Other types of motion such as the concertina or rectilinear may be

Calcium phosphate is an interesting material for bone implant applications, as it shows biocompatibility and bioactivity to tissue bone. Among calcium phosphate-based materials, biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP), a mixture of non-resorbable hydroxyapatite (HA) and resorbable tricalcium phosphate (TCP), has shown to possess unique characteristics app

In this paper, we report on an expandable height hydrogel stamper with built-in reservoir that can be used to repeatedly (without frequent re-inking) stamp functional biomolecules on planar and non-planar surfaces. We have successfully patterned fluorescein isothiocyante (FITC) labeled antibodies (antibodies for O-antigens of Bradyrhizobium japonic

Increasing the demand for effectively use of the production facility requires the tools for sharing the manufacturing facility through remote operation of the machining process. This research introduces the methodology of machining technology for direct remote operation of networked milling machine. The integrated tools with virtual simulation, rem

Electrodeposition of ZnTe thin films by controlled potential method from aqueous solutions on ITO were done to investigate characteristics suitable as a window material in solar cells technology. The influence of bath temperature and deposition potential towards the Zn:Se ratio and the crystallinity are discussed. The electrodeposited films were in

Islamic finance literacy has become critical for the future growth of the Islamic financial sector in the twenty-first century. While a multi-pronged approach is called for, the focus in this paper is on the undergraduate programs in Islamic banking and finance. It analyses the state of teaching of Islamic banking and finance at the undergraduate l