Abstract. We study the phase diagram for the Potts Model on a Cayley tree with competing nearest-neighbor interaction J_1 and next-nearest-neighbor interactions J_2 and J_3. To perform this study, an iterative scheme similar to that appearing in real space renormalizatiort group frameworks is established.The phase digram contains a modulated phase

Statistical mechanics seeks to explain the macroscopic behavior of matter on the basis of its microscopic structure. This includes the analysis of simplified mathematical models. A phase diagram of a model describes a morphology of phases, stability of phases, transitions from ne phase to another and corresponding transitions line. A Potts model ju

The lattice models on a Cayley tree with competing interactions has recently been studied extensively because of the appearance of nontrivial magnetic orderings [1]. In the case of the Ising model on the Cayley tree of second order with competing binary nearestneighbour interactions J and binary prolonged second neighbour interactions Jp Vannimenus

This article attempts to highlight some recent developments and issues in the sukuk market, especially in the light of the AAOIFI Shari`ah pronouncement of February 2008. In general, the market tends to understand and expect sukuk to be within the “fixed income” types of investment with minimal or controlled risks and capital preservation featu

This article attempts to highlight some recent developments and issues in the sukuk market, especially in the light of the AAOIFI Shari`ah pronouncement of February 2008. In general, the market tends to understand and expect sukuk to be within the “fixed income” types of investment with minimal or controlled risks and capital preservation featu

The Western approaches towards the Prophethood of Mu╒ammad (peace be on him), from the early Middle Ages to the present time, have been critical and hostile. He was depicted as a demon or a Christian heretic or a madman. Those critics however changed their tone particularly with the downfall of the Ottoman Empire. This change of Western writers�

In the 21st century more than ever, technology is the driving engine behind civilisations. Technology level has become an indicator of advancement and living standard. No county whatsoever can lead and prosper without owning and developing technologies locally. The first step in the take off will be to transfer the available technologies. With the

Vehicle models used to evaluate performance and dynamic behaviour are either discrete models, which includes quarter, half, and full car models, or continuous models using finite element modelling. In this work our focus will be on discrete models, which have more popularity with ground vehicle analysts owing to their shorter computational time and

Handling and ride quality are affected by many factors, including high-frequency vibrations, body booming, body roll and pitch motion, vertical motion by the suspension system and frequency vibration transmitted from the road input excitations. This article focuses on the most significant vibration source that affects handling and ride quality, whi

Several control policies of semi-active system, namely skyhook, groundhook and hybrid controls are presented using a half-car model, as a continuation of the previous work on quarter-car model. Their ride comfort, suspension displacement and road-holding performances are analysed and compared with passive system. The analysis covers both transient