Introduction: In the quest of making learning more relevant in the contemporary era of information and communication technology, the Internet is considered a valuable resource to both language teachers and learners (Singhal, 1997). With the World Wide Web (WWW), learners of many languages have access to an unprecedented amount of authentic target l

Introduction : The desire to have an Islamic University in Malaysia was part of the Muslim-Malay intelligentsia's dream in their peaceful struggle for the advancement of Islamic education in the pre-independence Federation of Malaya (which included the island of Singapore). The establishment of Kolej Islam Malaya (the Islamic College of Malaya)

The paper empirically examines the employees’ perception of human resource HR) practices in ISO and non-ISO certified companies in Malaysia. A sample of 238 employees drawn from eight companies, four of them ISO-certified, responded to a questionnaire, which measured the adequacy of several HRM systems. The ISO-certified companies received higher

We introduce generalized quantum Markov states and generalized d-Markov chains which extend the notion quantum Markov chains on spin systems to that on C∗-algebras defined by general graphs. As examples of generalized d Markov chains, we construct the entangled Markov fields on tree graphs. The concrete examples of generalized d-Markov chains on

In an ideal corporate management structure, directors should act in the best interest of the shareholders. In doing so, the directors' actions are governed by certain legislation which specifies their duties and this legislation is also relevant to the shareholders with respect to their rights. Although there are legislations which govern the r

The objective of this paper is to identify the best indicator in forecasting the recovery period from the current global crisis for Malaysia. Initially, to determine the best indicator for the recovery period, we construct a simple forecasting model that incorporates three indicators: lagging, leading and coincidence indices, with two proxies of ec

Introduction : In this age of globalisation, so much emphasis has been given on equipping students with the right skills and competencies in order for them to gain competitive edge. For students to be active global players in the knowledge-based economy, where information is a commodity and where information is power, higher learning institutions a

There is an increasing demand for claddings which possess an optimized combination of different functional properties such as high hardness, high resistance to wear and oxidation. In this respect, hard TiAlN cladding has gained much attention. These claddings can be suitable replacements for the conventional ceramic coatings applied in many compone

.Blunt abdominal trauma may cause injury to various internal organs. • It is often difficult to accurately evaluate the site and extent of suspected internal injury clinically • Intra-abdominal injury may be masked by more obvious or compelling injuries elsewhere • The management of patients with solid organ injuries has changed dramatically,

Spending on Information Technology in business organization has increased ten fold over the past few years. Consequently, the expenditure has often been marred by misuse of funds, resources and infrastructure. Top managements are often unaware of IT jargons and they allow expenditure on unnecessary or obsolete IT activities and projects. Problems l