Research Output | Dar Al-hikmah Library | IIUM Only
Layer-by-layer buildup of material is utilized in the process known as additive manufacturing (AM) to produce prototypes or end products. Fused deposition modelling (FDM) is one of the most commonly used AM processes. For FDM, the extruder’s nozzle plays a significant role as it is responsible for creating the build of material layer by layer. Th