Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) has been shown to promote cell proliferation and inhibit apoptosis of cells. These are two characteristics in mammalian cell culture which may lead to high density cell culture producing optimal desired yield of bioproducts. IGF-1 has also been recognized in treatment of growth failure and cancer. This study is

Seaweed, also known as macroalgae, has been gaining the interest of researchers due to the presence of functional bioactive compounds that can be extracted from their biomass. This research aimed to explore the chlorophyll and carotenoid content from five species of Malaysian seaweed as potential Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (API). Three specie

The Ummah of Islam is experiencing a wide spectrum of difficulties, threats, and internal breakdown that is based mainly on negative behaviors e.g. extremism and alike. The unity and brotherhood amongst the members of the Muslim communities is either weak or does not exist anymore. The Ummah is broken into sects and groups where every group is labe

For the past few years there has been a significant increase of people’s interest in crypto-currencies. Seminars and conferences have been organized to discuss the nature and feasibility of cryptocurrencies. Some argue that it is good to have an alternative to the current fiat money system in which the predominant role is played by banks, while a

For the past few years there has been a significant increase of people’s interest in crypto-currencies. Seminars and conferences have been organized to discuss the nature and feasibility of cryptocurrencies. Some argue that it is good to have an alternative to the current fiat money system in which the predominant role is played by banks, while a

In Islamic value system, all the law and rules prescribed by Allah s.w.t. are our responsibility to fulfill as a servant. The matters through His guidances and laws are known as “Daruriyat Al-khams” which refers to the basic needs to ensure safety and continuation of humanity. These five basics are preservation of deen or religion (hifz al-din)

The purpose of this research is to empirically examine the critical factors that influence international students’ perceptions in the selection of a destination for educational tourism. This research seeks to develop a framework embedded with service quality, destination image and spirituality behavior. The data were collected by using a self-adm

Spas have become increasingly popular and have emerged as important profit centers for hotels. However, the uniqueness of this market has been largely overlooked in terms of Shari’ah compliance to better cater to Muslim needs. This study repositions spa typologies, their spatial organization and social interaction in the context of Islamic built

Malaysia adopts constitutional monarchy system through parliamentary democracy. The Federal Constitution, Articles 32(1) and 33(1), create a ‘supreme head of the federation’ known as the Yang di-Pertuan Agong (YDPA) and a ‘deputy supreme head of the federation’ known as the Deputy YDPA, respectively. While, Article 38(1) creates a ‘Confer

Research suggests that white noise may facilitate auditory working memory performance via stochastic resonance. Stochastic resonance is quantified by plotting cognitive performance as a function of noise intensity. The plot would appear as an inverted U-curve, that is, a moderate noise is beneficial for performance whereas too low and too much nois