Cellulose is naturally available polysaccharides that are abundantly found on the earth. Plant-based cellulose and bacterial cellulose are the two types of cellulose that have been studied until this present. Bacterial cellulose is pure compared to the plant-based cellulose which consists of other components such as hemicelluloses and lignin and ne

Temporal and spatial variations of selected toxic elements distributions were studied along the Kuantan River. Surface and bottom waters from 9 sampling stations were taken from the estuary towards the upstream of Kuantan River using Van-Dorn water sampler during the rainy and dry season. Water samples were filtered and the filter papers were dried

As transistor sizes scale down to nanometres dimensions, CMOS circuits become more sensitive to radiation. High-performance static random access memory (SRAM) cells are prone to radiation-induced single event upsets (SEU) which come from the natural space environment. The SEU generates a soft error in the transistor due to the strike of an ionizing

Minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) is a method that uses a very small amount of liquid to reduce friction between cutting tool and work piece during machining. The implementation of MQL machining has become a viable alternative to flood cooling machining and dry machining. The overall performance has been evaluated during meso-scale milling of mild

A top-down silicon nanowire fabrication using a combination of optical lithography and orientation dependent etching (ODE) has been developed using a doped Silicon-on Insulator (SOI) as the starting substrate. The use of ODE etchant such as potassium hydroxide (KOH) and Tetra-Methyl Ammonium Hydroxide (TMAH) is known to create geometrical structure

Background/Aim Foodborne illness is attributable to improper preparation of foods either at home or food premises. Due to hot and humid climate in Malaysia, it becomes the favourable condition for the growth of foodborne bacteria and contributed the high number of reported cases for food poisoning. Most people unaware that the risk of food poisonin

Urbanized areas are typically the most significant sources of environmental degradation, thus, an urban assessment criteria tools aiming at equally adapted sustainability dimensions need to be firmly embedded in benchmarking planning and design framework and upon occupancy. The need for integral systematic rating is recognized in order to evaluate

Smart home control system (SHCS) can be integrated into an existing home appliances to reduce the need for human intervention, increase security and energy efficiency. It is still an open research due to difficulties such as network distance, signal interference, user friendliness, high cost, and high power consumption. This book reviews various to

Biocatalyst in the form of enzymes is widely used in diverse applications. Unfortunately, free enzymes are quite unstable and may undergo denaturation even under mild conditions, thus hampering their usefulness, and this may lead to higher cost in enzyme based applications. A credible solution is to immobilize the enzymes prior to usages. This proc

Objective: To determine the association of suicidal ideation with demographic, lifestyle, and health factors, using data from National Health and Morbidity Survey 2011 (NHMS 2011) of Malaysia. Methods: The NHMS 2011 included 10,141 respondents. Independent variables of suicidal ideation were income, age, household size, sex, ethnicity, education, m