Climate change in Malaysia has seen the rise in sea levels, the occurrence of floods and landslides, coastal and land erosion, drought, forest fires and haze. Malaysia signed the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change („UNFCC‟) in 1993 and ratified it in 1994. Malaysia also ratified the Kyoto Protocol in 2004. The UNFCC prescribe

Business Intelligence (BI) is computer-based application utilized to assemble, provide access to and analyze data and information about an enterprise in order to formulate better informed business decisions. Currently, many organizations’ have implemented BI Systems (BIS) or in process to implement them; billions of dollars are being spent to acc

Derived from the renowned multi-volume International Encyclopaedia of Laws, this book provides a systematic approach to legislation and legal practice concerning energy resources and production in Malaysia. The book describes the administrative organization, regulatory framework, and relevant case law pertaining to the development, application, and

This research discusses the sale of land or building or parcel in a sub-divided building or land parcel in Malaysia. This research will highlight selected issues and disputes arising out of land as the subject matter of sale. Issues relate to matters that need to be considered and dealt with by the solicitor in ensuring the success of the transacti

Context: IT plays an increasingly strategic role in the business performance of organizations, however, the development of strategic IT systems involves a high degree of risk and outsourcing the development of such systems increases the risk. Objective: Using a case study approach we build on research that identifies risk factors leading to the fai

A tree controlled grammar is specified as a pair (G, G′) where G is a context-free grammar and G′ is a regular grammar. Its language consists of all terminal words with a derivation in G such that all levels of the corresponding derivation tree – except the last level – belong to L(G′). We define the nonterminal complexity Var(H) of H = (

Ad hoc network is a group of wireless mobile computers (or nodes), in which individual nodes cooperate by forwarding packets for each other to allow nodes to commu- nicate beyond direct wireless transmission range. Previous research in ad hoc networking has generally studied the routing problem in a non-adversarial setting by assuming a trusted env

Dynamic modeling and identification of an internal combustion engine (ICE) model is presented in this paper. Initially, an analytical model of an internal combustion engine simulated within SIMULINK environment is excited by pseudorandom binary sequence (PRBS) input. This random signals input is chosen to excite the dynamic behavior of the system o

Despite the efforts expended by the governments of Malaysia and Saudi Arabia to promote science teachers’ use of ICT in the classroom, the ICT uptake among these teachers remains slow and dismal. This article reports on a study undertaken to explore and understand the barriers that prevented science teachers in both countries from using ICT in th

In this paper we introduce a new variant of splicing systems, called weighted splicing systems, and establish some basic properties of language families generated by this type of splicing systems. We show that a simple extension of splicing systems with weights can increase the computational power of splicing systems with finite components.Weighted