The expansion of Islam in the Malay state of Johor, especially as it relates to the roles played by Arabs and Ottomans, is an interesting subject in its own right. The resulting network was based upon the efforts of the ‘ulama’ and the ruler, and especially the Muslim Consultant Jurist (mufti), to establish religious coordination in Johore. Thi

A 2-bit higher radix analog-to-digital converter (ADC) circuit consisting of a combination of a pipelined ADC(and a set of cascaded current comparator cell has been proposed. The ADC generates multi-valued logic outputs rather than the conventional binary output system. The design is implemented using 0.13|im CMOS process. The performance analysis

In the present paper we investigate L -valued states and Markov operators on C* -algebras over L . In particular, we give representations for L -valued state and Markov operators on C*- algebras over L , respectively, as measurable bundles of states and Markov operators. Moreover, we apply the obtained representations to study certain ergodic prope

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the role of nitrofurantoin (NFT) prophylaxis in a prospective randomized control study. Urosepsis is an important complication after percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PNL). Risk increases by around 4 times with larger stones and hydronephrosis (HDN). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Patients with stones ≥2.5 cm and/or HDN and sterile uri

This chapter discuss the right to health from the perspective ofthe Irternational Human Rights Law. It begins with a brief explaination of the concept of health. This is followed by a general discussion on the link betwccn health and human rights and the right 10 health from the perspectives of the international and regional human rights inslrumetl

Modelling of vehicle fuel consumption and emissions has emerged as an effective tool to help develop and assess vehicle technologies and to help predict vehicle fuel consumption and emissions. A review to identify the current state-of-the-art on vehicle fuel consumption and emissions modelling is elucidated. This review categorises vehicle fuel con

Little has so far been discussed or written on Islam and Muslims in Japan, even less so on Islam and Muslims in Korea. This is in marked contrast to nearby China, which, though is also a Muslim minority country attracted a wide attention from scholars of either Muslim or non-Muslim world. The reason is clear, that is, unlike China which consists of

Little has so far been discussed or written on Islam and Muslims in Japan, even less so on Islam and Muslims in Korea. This is in marked contrast to nearby China, which, though is also a Muslim minority country attracted a wide attention from scholars of either Muslim or non-Muslim world. The reason is clear, that is, unlike China which consists of

Civilization is a multidimensional concept used in different connotations and meanings. It signifies the ideological fervor that contours the edifice of a society and shapes the formation of social institutions. It sets up the goals which individuals and society strive to attain and develop different social mechanisms and organizations to that effe

Religious tolerance in Islam can be looked at from two perspectives: firstly, the theory of religious tolerance particularly propounded in the Qur’an; secondly, the practices of religious tolerance exemplified by the Prophet Muhammad and his Successors. Islam as a religion consists of certain principles that deal with its adherents and non-adhere