This study examines the doctrine of spiritual ascent, central to mystical experience, as taught in theistic mysticism, as exemplified in Christianity and Islam, and non-theistic or monistic mysticism, as manifested in Buddhism. The study highlights the common characteristics and the variations in the teachings of spiritual ascent according to these

This research tends to shed light on a member of issues to surplus distribution in Takaful. The first part would be devoted to revisiting the main financial concepts related to the surplus and profit. Modes of distribution such as pro- rata and offsetting will also be discussed in the light of equity principle advocated by Shari'ah. The second

Belief in God’s message and messengers is a basic article of Islamic faith. Though it is sent to all humankind, revelation is not communicable directly from God to everyone at all times. The channel through which revelation became known to humankind is prophethood. Both revelation and prophethood are thus intertwined; the explanation of one will

Ḥijāb, an Islamic ethico-religious and socio-cultural symbol, is increasingly becoming visible in the Western public arena giving rise to a debate over its compatibility with dominant Western culture and values. Placing it in an argumentative genre, the paper highlights the sociological, religious and cultural rationales for the increasing visib

We discuss the proof-of-principle demonstration of the extended deterministic Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) protocol based on ququarts. The experimental realization is based on the polarization degrees of freedom of two-mode biphotons, making the process of state preparation, transformation and measurement rather simple. The scheme uses only singl

PID (proportional+integral+derivative) control is known as simple and easy-to-implement controller. However, the robustness performance is often not satisfactory when dealing with parameter variations of the plant. In addition, its design procedure is not straightforward for the system which is nonSISO (Singe Input Single Output) system like a gant

There are adequate laws and policies on environmental protection in Kenya. The National Environment Management Authority (NEMA) of Kenya was established under the Environmental Management and Coordination Act (EMCA) No. 8 of 1999, as the principal instrument of government in the implementation of all policies relating to the environment in Kenya. O

Electronic Chart Display and Information System ECDIS) is a computerized navigation system integrating variety of charts and navigation-related information that replaces the usage of paper chart. Nowadays, ECDIS usage is getting more recognized as being used for both navigation and collision avoidance task. The combination of ECDIS and radar allows

This paper examines the structural semantic approach based on the theory of linguistic relativity to scriptural language as exemplified in Toshihiko Izutsu’s studies of the Qur’anic weltanschauung. According to this theory, each language contains a particular worldview that causes its speakers to view the world in a way different from the speak

This book reveals the emergence of liberal Islam in Indonesia by tracing the root of historical perspective. In fact, liberal thought emerged long before independence where secular Muslims made their efforts to expose their religious understanding in the community. Initially, liberal thought emerged from the secular group, which tried to portray th