A digital watermark is a secret key dependant signal inserted into digital data (images, sound,texts) and which can be later detected/extracted in order to make an assertion about the data. Technically, the digital watermark is represented as a kind of 'natural' noise. The identification information is encoded into the original unwatermarke

Digital watermarking is a huge research area which is progressively growing. It covers theoretical studies. novel techniques, attacks and performance analysis. An embedded watermark may unintentionally or inadvel1ently be impaired by such processing. Other types of processing may be applied with the explicit goal of hindering watermark reception. I

The superior performance of asphaltic concrete exhibited the good adhesion bonding between binder-aggregates interaction in bituminous mixture. However, the issue of compatibility properties in modification of binder with waste cooking oil (WCO) arises since the poor mechanical performance of asphalt mixture is globally recorded thus reflected the

The aim of the present study was to investigate the periodontal phenotypes among young Malay males with different gingival biotypes. Forty-seven sys-temically and periodontally healthy young Malay males participated in this study, where 25.5% were diagnosed with thin gingival biotype and 74.5% of thick biotype. The periodontal phenotypes were measu

Introduction: Prism is used in binocular vision assessment and visual therapy. The short-term use of prism, particularly base-out prism on vergence and accommodation system, was not well-explained in the previous investigations. Aim: This current study aimed to assess the effect of 6 prism base-out for 15 minutes on vergence and accommodation syste

Obesity and overweight are one of the main problems faced by Malaysian society due to sedentary lifestyle and high-carbohydrate consumption. A “low glycemic diet” is suggested as a suitable alternative in preventing obesity, because of its low carbohydrate intake which can be referred to as Atkins or Ketogenic diet (KD). A case study was carrie

The development of green roadway in Malaysia is one of the contributions to accomplish Malaysia Go Green Campaign. Hence, sustainable materials are widely used in road construction recently because people are more aware about its implications towards environments. However, people keep trying to find the most suitable sustainable materials to be use

The study explores various definition of Ahl al-sunnah wa al-jamɑah and its main principles as understood by Muslim scholars in Southeast Asia as well as the con-troversies that had taken place over the years. The study highlights the responses of Muslim scholars and religious authorities in resolving the controversies within the Muslim communi

To date, studies using the Processability Theory (henceforth PT) in analysing Malay ESL learners’ English language are limited. The current study aims at investigating the development of past tense ‘–ed’ and present continuous ‘–ing’ on two Malaysian ESL learners. Additionally, the study also aims to see the applicability of PT on Mal

In today’s world, religious tolerance has been a crucial issue be it in the Muslim majority countries or non-Muslim countries. The current debate on the issues of the freedom of religion, conversion, freedom of worship and propagation, and violence are mainly triggered by religious misunderstandings such as extremism and terrorism. The objective