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Dr Salwa is currently an Assistant Professor at the Department of Accounting, Kulliyyah of Economics and Management Sciences, International Islamic University Malaysia. She started her teaching career in 2000 in Institut Professional Baitulmal and later moved to University Industry Selangor (now University Selangor). She joined IIUM in 2013 after s

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Rafikul Islam received his M.Sc. degree in Applied Mathematics from the University of Calcutta and Ph.D. in Operations Research from the Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, in 1988 and 1996, respectively. Presently, he is working as a Professor at the Faculty of Economics and Management Sciences of International Islamic University Malaysia (

Professor Dr. Norma Md Saad started her career at IIUM as an Assistant Professor. Her areas of specialization are International Trade, Islamic Economics (Waqaf and Zakat) and Islamic Finance (specializing in Islamic microfinance). Her teaching and research have focused on Islamic banking and finance, intra-trade patterns of major economic blocs and

Professor Nik Nazli's research interests are in sustainability accounting and reporting, management accounting practices and student-centred learning approaches. Currently she is also working on a research project examining waqf financing for higher educational institutions. Prof. Nik Nazli has published her research work in both local and inte

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Dr Khadijah Mohd Isa is an Associate Professor at the Department of Accounting, Kulliyyah of Economics and Management Sciences (KENMS). Prior to joining the university in 2001, she worked as an auditor and tax associate at an international accounting firm, PricewaterhouseCoopers. She is a member of the Malaysian Institute of Accountants and CPA Aus